Why Missional Churches Don't Do Global Missions

David Wesley

An interesting characteristic of the missional and emerging church is that there is very little if any emphasis on global missions. This is surprising to me since the primary understanding of missio Dei is for the church to share God's passion for redemptive change in the world. The following is an article written by Ed Stetzer which addresses this same issue. I must say that I don't agree with all of Stetzer's perspctives related to missional church, but this particular article raises an issue that we must engage. I invite your comments/reactions:

I am writing this post from Taiwan. As I have been working with both local leaders and American pastors, I have been struck by a few things and thought I would share them with you.
First, I have traveled to Taiwan as a part of the Upstream Collective. The reason is to accompany American pastors with a desire to be missional on a cross-cultural, international encounter. (You can scroll down the last few posts to learn what we are doing in Taiwan.)
Each person on the trip has the missional impulse as part of their DNA, and they are here to consider how they might join God on his mission globally. While I admire the faithfulness of these men, I must admit my surprise to see that there is not a bigger interest in such global concerns among American pastors in general. My fellow travelers seem to be rare of a breed in ministry.
Second, when I blogged about this on Sunday, two readers contacted my hosts-- one working with the Presbyterian Church in America and one from the Oversee Missionary Fellowship (OMF). Why? Well, according to one email, the author explained, "I'm particularly interested in attracting young missional church planters here."
Third, I was recently told by a pastor who called himself "missional" that his church needed to pull back on their global mission support to help their people "be missionaries right here."
All this provokes me to ask, "Why are so many missional Christians uninvolved in God's global mission?" As the missional conversation continues and deepens, what has occurred that has led to our blindness to the lost world around us?
There are five reasons I think this has happened:
1) In rediscovering God's mission, many have only discovered its personal dimensions.
I don't mean they have somehow localized mission into their interior, "private" life-- that would make little sense. Rather, the encouragement for each person to be on mission (to be "missional") has trended toward a personal obligation to personal settings, rather than toward a global obligation to advance God's kingdom among all the nations.
"Missional" has merged with privatized Christianity to serve as the reason for personal projects carried out in personal spheres. This is not bad, necessarily. But when the missional impulse is not expanded to include God's global mission, it results in believers moved only to minister in their own Jerusalems with no mind toward their Judeas, Samarias, and uttermost parts of the earth (Acts 1:8).
2) In responding to God's mission, many have wanted to be more mission-shaped and have therefore made everything "mission."

Missions historian Stephen Neil, responding to a similar surge in mission interest (the missio dei movement of the 1950s and following), explained it this way: "If everything is mission then nothing is mission." Neil's fear was that the focus would shift from global evangelization (often called "missions") to societal transformation (often called "mission"). He was right.
Recently John Piper echoed these same concerns, differentiating between evangelism and missions. He reminded us that when "Every Christian is a missionary" equals "missional," then we have diluted the need for and specialness of missionaries to foreign lands. (Although I would want to nuance John's language a bit, I agree with his point.)
One American church's website recently identified their ministry as missional, which they proceeded to define as "reaching out to the community to invite them to come" see what is happening in the church. Another's young adult community service project consisted of landscaping the church grounds. Inviting people to church and cleaning up the church are noble endeavors, but passing them for "missional" and "service" is ministerial naïveté at best. It demonstrates the fuzziness that creeps in when labels become catch-alls. And as the outer edges of the missional label gets fuzzy so does mission to the outer edges of the world.
3) In relating God's mission, the message increasingly includes the hurting but less frequently includes the global lost.
One only needs to watch the videos to see the emphases: global orphan projects, eradicating AIDS, Christmas shoeboxes, etc. All of these causes now have advocacy groups, and rightly so, as they are important. However, their vocabulary and frames of reference do not frequently make room for evangelizing the very people they touch. The message of world evangelism, actually, seems more common in legacy/traditional churches than in missional churches. Missional churches seem to speak more of unserved peoples rather than unreached peoples. As we engage to deliver justice, we must also deliver the gospel regardless of anyone's status in a culture.
4) In refocusing on God's mission, many are focusing on being good news rather than telling good news.
St. Francis allegedly said,"Preach the gospel at all times; when necessary, use words." Interestingly enough, Francis never actually said this, nor would he have done so due to his membership in a preaching order. But it is a pithy quote tossed into mission statements and vision sermons in missional churches all around my country. Why? It seems that many in the missional conversation place a higher value on serving the global hurting rather than evangelizing the global lost. Or perhaps it is just easier.
I am not urging a dichotomy here, only noting that one already exists. It is ironic, though, that as many missional Christians have sought to "embody" the gospel, they have chosen to forsake one member of Christ's body; the mouth.
5) In reiterating God's mission, many lose the context of the church's global mission and needed global presence.
For whatever reason-- the admirable one of commitment to the local church or the ignoble one of commitment to personalized consumeristic Christianity-- we have lost the grand scope of the entire family of God. While Christ calls people from all tongues, tribes, and nations, we have become content with our own tongue, tribe, and nation. Many churches are wonderfully embracing the missional imperative, but as they seek to "own" the mission by adapting their church into a missional movement in their local community, some inadvertently localize God's mission itself and lose the vital connection all believers share together. A hyper-focus on our own community results in a, have lost vision for the communion of the saints.
So how do we fully embrace missional without losing the mission? The Mission Exchange (formerly the Evangelical Foreign Mission Society) asked me to talk to their global leaders on the topic "How to Put 'Missions' Back into Missional." In my talk, I proposed four principles we needed to consider:
First, recognize it is God's mission, and we need to be passionate about the mission as He describes it. We don't own mission and it is not ours to define. A church vision statement is fine, but God's mission is better and bigger. Our first task is to submit to God's mission.
Secondly, evangelicals have understated the call to serve the poor and the hurting and need a stronger engagement in social justice. This sounds counterintuitive if we are seeking to remedy the loss of concern for articulated evangelism. But social engagement entails relational engagement, and relational engagement entails opportunities to share the gospel. The successes and experiences in our communities should awaken hearts and minds to global needs. We just need to maintain the reason for social justice: the glory of God in the worship of Jesus.
Third, share God's deep concern about His mission to the nations-- that His name be praised from the lips of men and women from every corner of the globe. Feel the Great Commission in your bones. Ask God to turn your heart to those you cannot see. As Paul did, develop ways to "struggle personally" (Colossians 2:1) for those far away.
Fourthly, churches that are serious about joining God on his mission will obey his commands to disciple the nations. The end product of missional endeavors should be a thriving Christian ready to produce more thriving Christians.

It appears to me that many missional churches are missing the Great Commission in the name of being missional. That makes zero sense. It is a huge (but historically common) mistake.
If we are truly interested in being missional-- in joining God on His mission-- our efforts should actually reflect His stated mission. We are bound to the Great Commandment as the fullest human expression of God's love. But the Commandment is not hermetically sealed off from the Great Commission. Rather, the Great Commission provides the what of mission, while the Great Commandment provides part of the how. Answering the age-old question of "Who is my neighbor?" should result in the desire to "make disciples of all nations."
- note: the source for Stetzer's article is
http://blogs.lifeway.com/blog/edstetzer/2009/09/five-reasons-missional-churche.html

Something to think about....

::: Washington, DC Metro Station on a cold January morning in 2007. The man with a violin played six Bach pieces for about 45 minutes. During that time approximately two thousand people went through the station, most of them on their way to work.

After 3 minutes:
A middle aged man noticed there was a musician playing. He slowed his pace and stopped for a few seconds and then hurried to meet his schedule.

4 minutes later:
The violinist received his first dollar: a woman threw the money in the hat and, without stopping, continued to walk.

6 minutes:
A young man leaned against the wall to listen to him, then looked at his watch and started to walk again.

10 minutes:
A 3-year old boy stopped but his mother tugged him along hurriedly. The kid stopped to look at the violinist again, but the mother pushed hard and the child continued to walk, turning his head all the time. This action was repeated by several other children.. Every parent, without exception, forced their children to move on quickly.

45 minutes:
The musician played continuously. Only 6 people stopped and listened for a short while. About 20 gave money but continued to walk at their normal pace. The man collected a total of $32.

1 hour:
He finished playing and silence took over. No one noticed. No one applauded, nor was there any recognition.

No one knew this, but the violinist was Joshua Bell, one of the greatest musicians in the world. He played one of the most intricate pieces ever written, with a violin worth $3.5 million dollars. Two days before, Joshua Bell sold out a theater in Boston where the seats averaged $100.

This is a true story. Joshua Bell playing incognito in the metro station was organized by the Washington Post as part of a social experiment about perception, taste and people's priorities. The questions raised: in a commonplace environment at an inappropriate hour, do we perceive beauty? Do we stop to appreciate it? Do we recognize talent in an unexpected context?

One possible conclusion reached from this experiment could be this: If we do not have a moment to stop and listen to one of the best musicians in the world, playing some of the finest music ever written, with one of the most beautiful instruments ever made..... How many other things are we missing?

The Spiritual State of Taiwan

This is a fascinating video with Phil Nickolson, OMF Director and Ed Stetzer who share about the spiritual state of Taiwan.

Book of the Month

I am beginning a new part of this blog in which I will post a "book of the month" which will be a book that I am either reading at the moment, or a book that I have read and want to share with others. If you read the same book and would like to dialog about the book on this site, I would enjoy it. Right now the bulk of my reading is in the area of globalization, short-term missions and related bodies of literature. The first book that I am including is a book which came out about three months ago. The author of the book is renowned American sociologist, Robert Wuthnow who teaches at Princeton. In this book, Robert Wuthnow challenges three common assumptions about American Christianity that are prevalent in non-religious as well as religious literature and understanding. The first assumption is that since Christianity is flourishing in many parts of the world beyond the United States, Christian churches in the U.S. are drawing inward, and are withdrawing involvement from global activity. The second assumption that Wuthnow challenges is that local churches in the U.S. focus inwardly with little or no interest in their communities or the global context. The third assumption is that churches in the U.S. influence U.S. policies related to military action and free trade.

God's Mission

I recently read a book which was just published a few months ago by Sociologist, Robert Wuthnow titled "Boundless Faith: The Global Outreach of American Churches" in which he describes the changing global dynamic, but also describes the place that all Christians have in God's global mission. As we look at how we are to be Christian and how we are to be a Christian witness in our world, it is challenging. The following video is by Dr. David Livermore which addresses this same theme.

Global Mission: The Local Church's Response from Derek Rottman on Vimeo.

The Short-Term Mission Debate

Short-Term missions is one of the greatest paradigm changes in missions in the past 10-15 years. I have spoken to many people who say that a short-term missions trip transformed their life or the life of someone they know. Just this past weekend I was with a group of youth from a Reformed church in Michigan who were serving in an urban short-term mission project on the west side of Chicago. Most of the 16-17 year old participants had been on many trips and told me that the trips opened their eyes to the world and had made a change in their lives. To the contrary, other people have done research that indicates that short-term mission has very little long lasting impact on the participants or on those who receive the participants. I am currently doing research related to this with the goal of understanding short-term missions better and also to find ways to be a positive part of what God is doing in the world. The following is a video clip that describes some of the debate. I would love to have your input on this whether you disagree or agree with the perspectives of those who made the video:

the Debate over Short Term Missions from Chuck Holton on Vimeo.

The Church as The Missionary

by David Wesley

Mission is the most identifiable aspect of the body of Christ. Mission is not a program or plan of the church, neither is it a slogan or mission statement which gives administrative direction. Mission is the very nature of the church. It flows directly from God. A living relationship with the God of mission is what distinguishes the Church as a living organism as opposed to a mechanical (secular) organization. It is also the reason why it is possible to say that the church does not support a program of missions, but that the church is the missionary.
Words often change and adapt in popular understanding. Few words have changed more in recent history than the word missionary. Currently, the word missionary is open to a wide range of definition and interpretation. Uninformed media coverage and popular novels portray missionaries as colonialist destroyers of culture . As a result the word missionary is not a positive term in many parts of the world. In other places, a missionary is defined as any Christian who does anything in any part of the world for any reason. A third perspective is a missionary defined in professional terms. An example of this in Church of the Nazarene is the large number of volunteers and professionals who minister in another culture through their occupation. Some of these are even sent from a local church for this specific purpose. Yet, the manual of the Church of the Nazarene, only defines a missionary as “a member of the clergy or a layperson who has been appointed by the General Board to minister for the church.” Such competing definitions show how mission-related terms are changing. It also emphasizes why there is a need to focus on a clear understanding of mission as God’s mission if we are to find a way forward.
My purpose is to offer a solution that is both true to our perspective of scripture as well as true to our theological identity within the larger Christian body. Nazarene missiologist Paul Orjala was years ahead of the church when, in 1984, he wrote a simple missionary book titled, God’s Mission is my Mission. In that book, Dr. Orjala began to wrestle with some themes which had been the subject of mission conferences of the World Council of Churches since 1952, and were being discussed in academic circles by authors such as David Bosch and Lesslie Newbigin, but had not yet been popularized to the larger Christian church. These themes definitely were not on the radar screen of the Church of the Nazarene at that time. Although Orjala didn’t completely develop a missional theology in this missionary reading book, he did establish a basis for understanding mission as God’s mission first and foremost. The term that was being used for this understanding was missio Dei which is the Latin term for “God’s Mission”.
The groundbreaking idea behind “God’s mission” or missio Dei is the understanding that mission always has its source in God. Missiologist David Bosch said that mission is God’s nature. Mission is not a program of the church that we do just on special Sundays or highlight occasionally at district mission events. In every part of the Bible, from Genesis to Revelation, it is clear that God is a missionary God. God’s love for “the nations” and the desire that his people share in His passion is not a secondary issue, but is at the very center of who God is and who God expects the Church to be. In the New Testament, the church sends apostles to people of varied ethnic groups, the church, however, did not limit mission to just a program of the church to “the ends of the earth”. The Church didn’t just have missionaries; the Church itself was the missionary in Jerusalem, Judea, and Samaria as well as to the ends of the earth. Another way to put this is to say that the church is not just a sending church, but it is rather a sent church. This understanding has enormous implications for the Church of the Nazarene as it works together with the greater Christian body at this point of time in history.
A great example of a sent church is described by Lesslie Newbigin. He served as a missionary in India and developed a plan for building the church, educating leaders, and developing churches with a perspective of them being a sent community. When Newbigin would confirm and receive people into full communion with the Church, he would announce: “Now you are the Body of Christ in this village. You are God’s apostles here. Through you they are to be saved. I will be in touch with you. I will pray for you. I will visit you. If you want my help I will try to help you. But you are now the mission”. Newbigin commented that when this was the statement that was made from the first day onward – that being a Christian community is about living as a sent community – then the Gospel spreads. If one denies this responsibility to the young church, then it does the Church “irreparable harm.”
Newbigin’s paradigm was not only concerned about local participation in mission; he was also concerned about participation in mission “to the ends of the earth”. Newbigin did not see mission as something that was done just by churches from one part of the globe, or when a church was large enough, wealthy enough or even after a church had built their own building, but as something that was a part of the life of the church from the very beginning. He maintained that “spiritual health depends on the broader vision of world evangelization.”
Churches that reflect these concepts are missional churches. They understand that mission is the very nature of the church from the beginning.
One of the most brilliant and practical people I have every met was the late Dr. Bruno Radi who was the Regional Director for South America. As we were thinking of how to minister to our neighbors in Argentina, he said that being a Regional Director was not his calling (or vocation). “My calling,” Bruno explained, “is to be a Christian witness to my neighbors.” That perception of calling, or vocation, is crucial for us. Missionaries are not missionaries because they have a salary or a contract any more than a church is missional just because it has an NMI program. We all are missional as we embrace our true vocation to be Christian, or in the words of earlier Nazarenes, as we realize that we are “called unto holiness.”
So what does all of this mean for us?
1) It means that first and foremost, we are called to be Christian. Before any emphasis on goals, programs and activities, we are called to draw into God’s Holy presence. If God’s nature is mission, those of us who partake in His nature will share that same nature of mission. In this sense, therefore, mission is not a program, but rather the very DNA of being Christian.
2) It means that the whole church is the missionary. We are all sent. In my own personal life it means that I will intentionally focus my activities during the week in such a way that I will be in contact with people who are not Christians. As a missional Christian I make it a point to learn their culture and to be a Christian witness as I go.
3) It also means that the whole church sends missionaries. A missional church is actively involved in prayer, giving and learning as members from the church (or other churches) are sent to be specialized missionaries to people of distinct ethnic groups around the world.
4) It means that the mission does not flow from just the West. Any community of believers, in any part of the globe, whose lives have been transformed by the Gospel are to engage in God’s mission.
5) It means that we must participate in what God is doing to restore His creation.
6) In many ways, it means a distinct way of being church. We have often separated ourselves from other Christian groups with the objective to “keep the faith” by defending our specific emphasis. With a perspective that the mission is God’s mission and not ours, however, the greatest enemy is not other Christians. Our greatest enemy is that we draw into ourselves and become a sectarian group with an inward focus on ourselves instead of outward to God and His mission.
Missiologist, Wilbert Shenk, said it well: “God does not have a mission for the church, but a church for His mission”. We live in a time of incredible opportunity in which the triune God has called the church to be the missionary and to join in His mission of seeking and saving that which is lost.

A Sent Congregation

by David Wesley

In a few months I will begin research which explores the involvement of one local church which is partnering with HIV/AIDS relief in Swaziland over a long period of time. I am particularly interested in how such a process might be an expression of a missional church and also how that involvement affects Christians both in Bethany Oklahoma as well as Swaziland. I will be making posts related to this as I move along in the research. This short video gives an overview of the challenges facing Swaziland and the steps being taken by Bethany First Church of the Nazarene to help turn the tide of HIV/AIDS in that nation. For more information on this project go to http://www.bethanynaz.org/the-swaziland-partnership-mission

The Church as Missionary

This is a very good overview of what it means for a church to be a sent people instead of just a sending organization. Dan Collison does a good job of summarizing some of the current developments which move a church to think of themselves as missionary and for a pastor to think in missiological terms. I welcome your comments.


The Missionally Minded Church from Dan Collison on Vimeo.

Ed Stetzer and David Fitch on The Missional Church

The following is an interesting perspective of the missional church from a perspective that is somewhat distint from that of GOCN, and yet has many things in common.


Ed Stetzer & David Fitch - a missional conversation from Missional Tribe on Vimeo.

The DNA of the Church

On the right hand of this blog page I have a quote by David Bosch which states “It has become impossible to talk about the church without at the same time talking about mission. One can no longer talk about church and mission, only about the mission of the church…A church without mission or a mission without church are both contradictions.”

This quote is at the heart of the missional church conversation. This is a radical statement that goes far beyond churches that say “we are mission minded” or churches that talk about an active involvement in the program(s) of missions. Being missional goes far beyond doing compassionate ministries projects. If mission were a program of the church, it would be easy to decide to cut mission giving or mission type activity when finances are stretched. If, however, mission is the very nature of God or to put it another way, in the DNA of God, that is passed to His church, then it is impossible to separate mission and church. The church doesn’t just DO mission, the church IS mission. It’s in our DNA.
One implication of this is that any church in any place of the globe is intended to not only receive the Gospel, but also to take the Gospel. “Everything needed to develop mission sending capacity is already written into the DNA of any people group around the world. Likewise, there is no people group anywhere in the world that does not have the capacity to become a missionary sending force.”[i]

This is huge! This means that mission does not depend on the financial stability of a country; neither does it depend on the official sanction of the denomination. To be the Church is to be a church in mission, otherwise it is, at best, severely handicapped. Collectively, we become the people of God who participate in His mission to all people. When a church in Bolivia, Nigeria, Mongolia or any other part of the globe participates in mission, they are participating in their true nature.

This is at the heart of any real movement of God. A movement of God does not happen because of right strategy or sufficient funding. A movement of God happens when “ we all, with unveiled face, beholding the glory of the Lord, are being transformed into the same image from one degree of glory to another…” It is when we reflect the nature of God and become mission in our very nature.

[i] From a newsletter of SIM, emerging missions #34 written by Howard Brant

NAVIGATORS, NOT MAP READERS

by David Wesley

I recently read a blog by Len Hjalmarson in which he quotes Eddie Gibbs who states, “The Church needs navigators tuned to the voice of God, not map-readers. Navigational skills have to be learned on the high seas and in the midst of varying conditions produced by the wind, waves, currents, fogbanks, darkness, storm clouds and perilous rocks.” (Leadership Next, 66).This is a significant insight. While we have generally located ourselves on maps based on a predictable rate of change to the surrounding landscape, we are now in a time where the pace of change outstrips our ability to locate ourselves. Moreover, the increasing fragmentation of western culture makes context king - adaptive responses must be local and not something that is developed in the U.S. and passed on to other cultures. (Perhaps this was already true twenty years ago and the universalizing tendency of modernity simply made us blind to the fact.)
Navigation is a significantly different skill than map reading. The points on a map are fixed, and so when one wants to locate a point in the real world one simply locates oneself by known geography or artifacts, and then proceeds step by step methodically to the next point. If you have a compass, this is really, really easy.

But navigation requires no fixed planetary points and requires no compass. Instead, one learns to read the sky - the stars, really. Map reading is a skill that can be learned on a table top in any school room. Any ten year old can master it. And with a compass, any ten year old can go out and use that knowledge with a high degree of confidence. This skill is only useful, however, when the landscape is not changing.

Navigation, on the other hand, is a skill that does not ask for a predictable landscape. And it is learned in the wilderness or on the ocean. It requires courage and the ability to withstand harsh conditions. And it requires something that is never required of map readers: faith and a fundamental inner restfulness. When there are no physical points to locate ourselves, we rely on an imaginal map - an internal compass. That internal compass is tuned not to earthly points, but to a fixed purpose and an external reference point - the North star.

In times of global instability such as these, our true source of direction must be in something beyond finances, politics, or stability.

Short Term Missions Research Project

by David Wesley

I have recently begun a research project which explores the changing trends in how local churches participate in missions. The slideshow on this blog is the first case study that I did at Olathe College Church of the Nazarene.

It is natural that Christians would have a desire to be a part of God’s redemptive activity in the world and it is a sign of good health when a church is finding ways to use a variety of resources to the glory of God in the nations. This study seeks to explore three ways that people use resources in order to participate in missions[1] and it also seeks to explore the relation that new forms of giving may have on traditional giving of money. In many ways, people in churches today are very interested in giving to help others. Giving, however, is not limited to putting money in an offering for others to administer.
Patterns of giving amongst church members are often consistent with giving patterns outside of the church. In recent years, great media attention has been given to individuals who are donating large sums of their wealth to address global humanitarian issues. In the year 2000, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation which has been reported to be the largest private funded foundation in the world was established with $126 million endowed by Bill Gates. In 2006, Warren Buffet “announced that he would donate thirty-one billion dollars over a period of years, to a foundation named not for himself but for two other major donors – Bill Gates, founder of Microsoft, and his wife, Melinda.”[2] According to the foundation’s website, “Since the Foundation was created, the Gates, who are considered to be the world´s biggest philanthropists, have donated over 10.5 billion dollars towards global development and the fight against diseases such as malaria and AIDS, which are devastating the most deprived areas of the world.”[3] This movement toward global aid has grown as highly visible individuals such as Bono, Oprah Winfrey, Brad Pitt, and Angelina Jolene have donated large sums of money to global, humanitarian projects.
The same trend of wealthy individuals giving to specific causes (and especially humanitarian causes) is evident in church and mission organizations as well. In the particular denomination of which I am a member (The Church of the Nazarene) two organizations have been formed in the past ten years to focus specifically on this type of giving. One organization is known as “Jesus Film Harvest Partners” which works with donors who focus their giving on “The Jesus Film Partnership” which provides equipment such as Jesus Film equipment, and other items which can be utilized for evangelism[4]. According to the 2007 published report of this organization, the income for that year was $2.9 million, most of which came from donations[5]. The second organization is the Nazarene Foundation which explicitly was created with the objective to connect giving in the Church of the Nazarene with ministry opportunities through donations of cash contributions, as well as non cash assets contributions of real estate, bonds, stocks and life insurance. This organization works with people who wish to prepare wills and long term financial planning.[6] The focus of the Nazarene Foundation is not toward a specific ministry such as the Jesus Film Harvest Partners, but rather towards people who wish to specify giving to any ministry, including humanitarian efforts administrated by the Church of the Nazarene. People who have large investments to make, often prefer to channel donations to organizations like these instead of the local church.
These sources of giving to Christian and secular related organizations are impressive. To date, within the Church of the Nazarene there has not been any substantial research which would indicate if this type of focused giving has adversely affected traditional giving to the local church as well as denomination, non specified giving. If we were to use the giving to the World Evangelism Fund –WEF[7] (which is the general fund for supporting the World Mission Department as well as the International offices) as a measure, the total amount that comes into that giving has not substantially increased or decreased in recent years. There is, however, concern within the denomination that trends toward greater designated giving and greater giving towards local compassionate ministries will affect “WEF” giving that supports the infrastructure of the denomination. According to an unpublished report prepared by a commission in the denomination to study the relationship between designated giving and “WEF” support[8], there has been growing discontent in local churches toward the budget formula. The report points out “a new type of philanthropy that is being introduced by a new generation of donors.” The report also points out that the Church of the Nazarene since its beginning has worked to find a balance between unified giving and designated giving. The conclusion of the report was that the church should continue with a combination of unified and designated giving, thus giving multiple giving tracks across socio-economical lines. This report does not take into account the growing capital found in volunteerism. Additional research would benefit the denomination in understanding the real impact that focused volunteer giving could have to specific ministry needs.
Besides the impact of designated giving of finances, the impact of volunteer efforts on traditional giving and the impact that volunteerism does or does not have on the mission of the church is also a factor for the church. Although it can only be assumed that trends in society as a whole will also be seen in the church community, it would be a safe assumption to make. According to the Department of Labor, the greatest growth in giving may not be measured in cash and may not come from foundations or individuals such as Bill Gates. The greatest giving in the U.S., however, may come from middle class individuals who serve as volunteers.
The U.S. Department of Labor released a report in February, 2008 based on a sampling of 60,000 households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau of Labor Statistics which estimated that 60.8 million people volunteered through or for an organization at least once between September 2006 and September 2007[9]. The proportion of the population who volunteered was 26.2 percent. The median for this time period (September 2006- September 2007) was 52 hours that ranged from a high of 96 hours for volunteers age 65 and over to a low of 36 hours for those 25 to 34 years old. At the minimum wage during this time period of $5.85 for an average of 52 hours of volunteer work per year, that represents $18.4 billion dollars in labor donated to institutions and causes.
The qualitative affect of volunteerism on organizations as well as individuals is a primordial aspect of these trends. Whether this growing volunteer resource is being used to further the objectives of the organization or it is what some have called a form of voluntourism which unites motives of tourism with a desire to contribute or gain social capital is debatable. For any organization that utilizes volunteers, it would be of great benefit to exegete the context of volunteerism as a form of capital that if used correctly could result in a positive situation for the volunteer, the organization as well as the recipients of the service. For the mission agency, theological as well as missiological issues which deal with life transformation and culture are crucial. These aspects are not easily measured, but they have long term implications that make good stewardship of human resources all the more imperative.
What is the profile of those who volunteer? For those who work with donors, it is critical to know them well. It is just as important to know those who give their time.
A few observations from the report of the U.S. Department of Labor:
* Volunteering was more prevalent among women (29.3 percent) than among men (22.9 percent), a relationship that held across age groups, education levels, and other major characteristics.
* Interestingly, persons age 35 to 54 continued to be the most likely to volunteer (30.3 percent), while 26.6 were teenagers, possibly reflecting volunteer activities in schools and churches. Young workers in their early twenties and persons 65 years or older had the lowest rates of volunteerism.
* Parents with children under age 18 were substantially more likely to volunteer (33.7 percent) for organizations focused on children than were persons without children of that age (23.2 percent). People without children were more likely to volunteer for organizations related to community service, hospitals, or social organizations. Volunteer rates were higher among married persons (31.9 percent) than among those who had never married (20.9 percent).
Individuals with higher levels of educational attainment volunteered at higher rates than did those with less education. Among persons age 25 and over, more than 4 in 10 college graduates volunteered compared with fewer than 2 in 10 high school graduates and almost 1 in 10 of those with less than a high school diploma.
A growing number of people are donating significant time and resources each year. In relation to mission organizations and especially related to Short Term Missions it is interesting that most volunteers give their time through an established organization or two. The main organization—the organization for which the volunteer worked the most hours during the year was most frequently religious (35.6 percent of all volunteers), followed by educational/youth service related (26.2 percent). Another 13.1 percent of volunteers performed activities mainly for social or community service organizations.
If we were to use the Church of the Nazarene as a case study for comparison, we find some interesting parallels. According to the 2007 database for Nazarene Volunteer Ministries which works with volunteers who channel their volunteer activities through the denominational headquarters[10], a total of 11,359 people participated as volunteers for 21-90 days. With a total church membership of 642,523 U.S. members, this represents 1.7% of the church involved in denominational volunteer ministry. Even with the fact that people volunteer outside of the denominational structure, a substantial percentage of volunteer donation is made to efforts within the denomination which can be traced in these statistics.
The labor hours represented by these volunteers represents a total of 702,290 labor hours that were donated. At the minimum wage rate of $5.85 an hour, that would total $4.1 million dollars. The amount of money that came through the Nazarene World Mission headquarters for Work and Witness[11] alone, which is one part of short term mission in the Church of the Nazarene for travel and building supplies of these teams during the same time period, was $7,215,998. That indicates that a conservative estimate is that donations through volunteer efforts in the Church of the Nazarene in 2007 were at least $11.3 million dollars. The total amount of money that was raised through offering in local churches for the World Evangelism Fund was $46,146,000 during the same time period.Considering these trends in the society as well as trends within the church, it may be surprising to find that College Church of the Nazarene’s giving patterns are atypical to these studies, and may lean toward the profile of a local church which is unchanged by the moving giving trends of similar size churches, and U.S. society. The volunteer efforts at OCCN, perhaps, are also elusive and efforts outside of STM specific efforts were not measured in this survey. The growing juxtaposition, however, of two dynamics of traditional giving and giving which is designated to specific projects and volunteerism can be seen in the case study research of College Church of the Nazarene. The system of giving to a unified denominational system through cash offering and a trend toward younger members to have a lesser value of that system can be seen in the research. The original intent of this case study was to explore the extent to which changing giving patterns; especially through volunteer efforts in Short Term Mission may have on a local church. The findings in some ways were quite distinct from my original expectations. The finding that short term missions, for example, had such a low profile in the church was quite surprising. The creative tension between general cash giving towards missions, giving to designated missions projects and volunteerism, however, are central to understanding the future of missions support in this church as well as any local church.

FINDINGS

In this brief research project of Olathe, College Church of the Nazarene, I found that the leadership of the Church as well as a large percentage of the membership of the church is highly committed to the support of the denomination of efforts of the Church of the Nazarene including its missions program. There is not, however, homogeneity in the church related to perceptions of missions or money. I found a dissimilarity in perceptions which was clearly defined by age group more than participation in short-term missions or other mission activities. In one interview with the High School pastor, it was stated that there is intentional connection in the High School programs between personal faith and the missional aspect of the church. The students understand their role as Christians to be a part of God’s mission. The traditional programs and structure of international missions in the church, however, are “invisible” to students.[1]
The following is an overview of the primary findings of the surveys and interviews of my research:
1) One of my primary objectives at the beginning of this project was to explore the interrelatedness between short term mission participation and the awareness of long term missions that may lead to giving to mission agencies through denominational faith promise giving. In this particular study I found that there is no explicit connection that can be made between short term mission participation and missions giving. People tend to give the same whether they go on STM trips or not. This finding may be disturbing to some people since it is contrary to anecdotal belief in the Church of the Nazarene as well as other churches that short term missions results in people having a greater appreciation of the missions effort of the denomination which will result in greater understanding and support of long term missions. I cross referenced various parts of the survey to arrive at this conclusion:
a. The control group for this survey was people who had not gone on any short-term mission trips. When asked if long term career missionaries are crucial to the mission of the church and should be generously supported, there was a very slight variation between those who had gone on more than four short-term mission trips and those who had not gone on mission trips. 88.9% of those who went on more than four STM trips agreed or strongly agreed with this statement. 90% of those who had never gone on a trip agreed with this statement.
b. When asked how their personal giving to Faith Promise had changed in the past five years, 33.3% of those who had gone on more than four STM trips had increased their giving compared to five years ago. 41% those who had not gone on any STM trip had increased their giving.
c. When cross referencing the number of STM trips people had taken with whether they were currently participating in Faith Promise, 51% of those who had not gone on a STM trip participated in Faith Promise. The following graph gives the full result of this comparison, with a breakdown of the number of short term trips people had taken. The total number of people who responded that they currently participate in Faith Promise giving was 113 people. 58 of the 113 who participate in Faith Promise giving had not gone on any short term mission trip. 55 of the 113 who participate in Faith Promise giving had gone on at least one STM trip.

d. Amongst those who answered that they did not currently participate in Faith Promise giving, 42 of the 77 people who do not participate in Faith Promise giving had not gone on any STM trip. 35 of the 77 had gone on a STM trip and do not currently participate in Faith Promise giving.
2) Although there is an atypically low emphasis in short a term mission at CCN, there is a very high desire to be involved in missions through participating in giving offerings, praying, and financially supporting short term missions as well as full time missionaries.
a. When asked if “the local church should give priority to Faith Promise giving, even in the face of financial crisis”, 74% of the 190 people surveyed, responded that they agreed or strongly agreed with this statement.
b. When asked, “If I had funds for giving to just one mission project, I would…”, 51% said they would invest in Faith Promise. 34% said they would invest in compassionate ministries. Only 15% said they would invest in Short Term Missions. Although Faith Promise at CCN includes a large percentage to compassionate ministries, people responded strongly to supporting just compassionate ministries as opposed to “block giving” that included compassionate ministries as well as traditional, global missions.
c. An interesting finding was that although as many as 74% of those interviewed stated that Faith Promise should be supported, even in times of financial crisis, only 59% self reported that they currently participate in Faith Promise giving. 27% percent of those surveyed, self reported that they did not participate in giving to Faith Promise or STM.
3) Age was the greatest indicator of missions giving and participation.
a. There was a balanced representation of age groups surveyed which allowed for a good comparison of tendencies according to age. The following graph shows the breakdown of the 190 people who were surveyed according to age:
b. 100% of those surveyed over the age of 66 self reported that they currently participate in Faith Promise giving. In contrast 23.4% of those between 18 and 23 self reported that they currently participate in Faith Promise giving. In the 24-35 age range, 45% of those surveyed self reported that they currently participate in Faith Promise giving, in the 36-50 age range, 93% participate and in the 51-65 age range, 81%.
c. When asked, “If I had funds for giving to just one mission project…” 57% of those in the 66+ age group answered that they would invest in Faith Promise, 28% of this age group said that they would invest in STM and 14% said compassionate ministries. The following chart shows the results of this questions, cross referenced with age group: (CM represents Compassionate ministries, STM is short term missions and FT is Faith Promise.)
Athough this chart does not represent actual giving, it does represent perceived values that people have regarding mission giving. Further research which followed these values to real giving would be helpful.
4) The survey indicated that when it comes to global ministry, there is a greater value for participating in giving of finances more than personal involvement through STM. This survey measured primarily mission activity outside of the U.S. The survey did take into account that some people would include giving to compassionate ministries through volunteering time as well as resources to be interpreted as local involvement in mission. The survey, however, did not take into account the very large participation of members of CCN in local outreach ministries. Through the interviews with the pastors as well as an overview of investments that CCN has made in ministries in their own community and throughout the U.S., it is evident that this local church is highly invested in many ministries which were beyond the scope of this study.
5) Although there continues to be a strong tie to denominational missions, I found in the leadership interviews signs of the church considering having additional ministries which partner with specific international congregations and non-Nazarene ministries. These partnerships and ties to other ministries do not seem to have an adverse affect on denominational giving, but they do indicate a tendency that is found in other large, Nazarene churches to have a greater role in their missions giving and be to move to collaboration in the greater evangelical, Christian community.

Conclusion and Suggestions

Overall, this case study research indicated a local church with a love for missions and a willingness to invest itself in others. The pastors of the church were open and anxious to participate in a study which would lead them to make decisions based on research. The findings and conclusions of this brief study come out of respect and admiration for a church that has a history of investing in long term missions efforts which have in turn impacted many lives.
1) One could conclude that this case study and this particular local church are unique in showing that STM did not result in increased support of missions. In a more comprehensive research project, it would have been beneficial to develop research tools which measured the affect of STM on the participant before as well as after the trip. It would also have strengthened the study to measure giving beyond Faith Promise and STM. A further element to strengthen this research would be to follow up on the survey in order to clarify various findings. The findings in this study, however, are consistent with findings of several qualitative studies related to STM which have been conducted in the past ten years and which utilized various research tools that I did not include in this brief study which give validity to their findings. Kurt Ver Beek, conducted a qualitative case study research of nearly 200 North Americans who went to Honduras after Hurricane Mitch to build houses. Ver Beek found that these STMs trips had resulted in very little lasting positive change in either the lives of the North American or the Hondurans[2]. Within Ver Beeks report he cross references his work with various other STM research projects and notes that of the 44 quantitative studies he reviewed, 13 followed research procedures that included “a pre and post-test of standardized questions, a post-test with a control group, or triangulation of the respondent’s answers with secondary data sources”. In 11 of these 13 studies, Ver Beek found “little or no change in short term mission participants.” This is not to say that all findings are that STM makes no impact whatsoever on participants or “recipients”. Undoubtedly there are many anecdotal examples of lives transformed and great impact being made. The findings of the Ver Beek research project was that greater impact was made when there were longer periods of time that there were joint work projects. For the purposes of this study, however, the findings were that 73% of the people at OCCN who participated in STM trips had been on trips of two weeks or less and that these experiences did not lead to measurable change in financial support of missions.
The unique aspect of this case study is that OCCN has very little emphasis on STM. In a comparison with a survey conducted by Robert Priest related to Mega Churches and missions[3], OCCN is consistent with the average of other mega churches in giving to global missions. The projected spending to global efforts through OCCN for 2009 is $485,400[4] which is within the median range for annual expenditure to ministries abroad in Priest’s survey. The per capita giving of membership to missions for OCCN is $150.88 which is also consistent with the median of mega churches researched by Priest. The comparison of OCCN and the mega churches researched by Priest are parallel at nearly every point, with the exception of short-term mission involvement. In the study that Priest conducted of 1230 mega churches, the average church had more than 100 people each year that went on international short term mission trips through the local church. In this survey, 18 of the 190 people surveyed had been on a STM trip in the past 12 months. The growing trend outside church work for individuals to be involved in volunteerism may be consistent with the involvement of members of OCCN in local ministries, although this study did not research that aspect. Every indication, however, would be that the low participation in STM through OCCN is atypical and that there may be reasons within the leadership of STM efforts at OCCN that diminish the scope that volunteer efforts through international STM has and the number of people who choose to be involved in these efforts.
2) The findings of age being an indicator of mission giving and participation is somewhat difficult to measure at OCCN. Since the church is located on the campus of Mid America Nazarene University, many of the people interviewed who were 18-23 may have been college students who came from a variety of churches and were not consistent members of OCCN. The results of their responses, however, are not completely consistent with what would be expected from a university which has a very large emphasis in short-term missions. Although one could argue that giving correlates with expendable income, it would be helpful to conduct follow up interviews with those in the 18-23 age range as well as those in the 66+ age range to find why there is such a difference in mission giving as well as attitudes toward global missions.
3) The profile of the volunteer at OCCN is somewhat elusive since many of them take in on their own initiative to find avenues to minister. This is a healthy sign that attendees of OCCN have desire to live their faith in their community. One suggestion, however, would be to form a stronger emphasis on intentional volunteer efforts (especially for short-term mission efforts) which flow from the central mission of the congregation instead of a marginal emphasis that is dependent on personalities of individuals in the church.
4) The finding of OCCN even considering congregation to congregation partnerships with international congregations and youth projects which work with Christian organizations beyond the Church of the Nazarene is significant. This may indicate a larger tendency within other Nazarene Churches to work more collaboratively with the greater evangelical community, and a tendency for large congregations to have a more active role in missions in ways that have until now been considered the role of Nazarene World Mission. The impact of this on the local church as well as the denomination which has historically tied WEF giving with missions giving should be explored.

Notes:

[1] Resources include financial resources which are focused on traditional faith promise giving, designated giving to specific ministries, and volunteer resources which are primarily donated through short-term missions.
[2] Fleishman, Joel L. The Foundation: A Great American Secret. New York, Public Affairs, 2007
[3] http://www.fundacionprincipedeasturias.org/ing/04/premiados/trayectorias/trayectoria807.html (accessed July, 2008).
[4] See http://www.jfhp.org/ which is the official website for this organization which states that for every $3 donated, will result in a person making a faith commitment.
[5] http://www.jfhp.org/pdf/2007_Annual_Report.pdf (accessed September 2008)
[6] This information comes from the 2007 report which in a video format and which does not provide specific income and expense reporting. See http://www.nazarenefoundation.org/annualReport2007.php
[7] WEF is the World Evangelism Fund to which Nazarene Churches contribute voluntarily. This fund is primarily understood to support the World Mission Division of the Church of the Nazarene, but it also funds the international administrative infrastructure of the Church including the international headquarters and higher education. The primary means of collecting WEF funds is through Faith Promise giving.
[8] Unpublished document prepared by a committee of the General Board of the church of the Nazarene to study how the church can most effectively respond to the growth of the designated giving in our church. This committee was formed by the action of the 78th General Assembly of the General Board, February 2001.
[9] http://www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/volun.pdf (accessed September 2008)
[10] Note that these statistics do not include those who volunteer through their local church, independent organizations or through a University unless those activities are channeled through the Church of the Nazarene International Headquarters..
[11] Work and Witness is a short-term mission program in the Church of the Nazarene which began in the mid 1970’s which focuses primarily on construction project.
[1] From an interview with Brian Wardlaw, the High School Pastor on December 3rd.
[2] See http://www.calvin.edu/academic/sociology/staff/kurt.htm “Lessons from the Sapling” in which Ver Beek gives an overview of his research. Downloaded November 24, 2008.
[3] Unpublished report of research conducted by Robert Priest in 2008 which surveyed Responses of 395 Megachurches defined as Averaging 2000 or More for Weekend Worship.
[4] Information taken from brochure used to promote Faith Promise giving printed by the church. This amount includes $365,000 toward Nazarene World Evangelism Fund, $30,000 to two Jesus Film teams, $15,000 towards initiating new work in Sierra Leone, $18,000 to global hunger relief, and various other designated projects.

A Thanksgiving Prayer

During this Thanksgiving season, I would like to offer the following prayer written by Shane Clairborne:


God of love, grace, and hope…


Thank you for creating a perfect world.

Forgive us for the mess we have made of it.

Thank you for creating Jubilee, gleaning, and Sabbath as patterns toensure that the poor are cared for, the earth rests, and inequality isdismantled.

Forgive us for choosing the patterns of empire.

Thank you for using the weak things to shame the strong and the
foolish things to confound the wise.

Protect us from becoming too strong or too wise.

Protect us from ourselves.

Forgive us…for the groaning of creation for the millions who die of hunger and curable diseases

for warehousing people in prisons and using them for labor

for the scandal of billions wasted in war for worrying about tomorrow and storing up more than this day our daily bread

for an economy that mirrors the seven deadly sins

for our Caesars and our Herods

for the violence and greed in our own hearts

Save us from ourselves.

Deliver us…from the arrogance of power

from the myth of redemptive violence

from the tyranny of greed

from the ugliness of racism from false hope and counterfeit change

from the cancer of hatred from the seduction of wealth

from the idolatry of nationalism

from the paralysis of cynicism

from the ghettoes of poverty

from the ghettoes of wealth

from the blood-stained pages of history

and from the legacy of slavery.

Deliver us oh God.

Give us the courage…to bless the poor in a world that blesses the middle class.

to bless the meek in a world that admires aggression.

to bless the hungry in a world that feeds the already fed.

to bless the merciful in a world that shows no mercy on evildoers.to bless the pure in heart in a world of clutter and noise.

to bless the peacemakers in a world that baptizes bombs.

Give us imagination…that we might not conform to the patterns of this world.

that we might shatter indifference and interrupt injustice with grace

that we might choose the cross over the sword

that we might be as shrewd as serpents and as innocent as doves that we might consider the lillies and sparrows as they shame WallStreet’s splendor

that we might choose the dream of God over the dreams of nations

that we might cling to the God that so loved the world, not just America

that we might allow our Jesus to change America rather than America to change our Jesus.

In the name of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. Amen.

Tis a Gift to be Simple

In the past few days, many of us have been bombarded by the news of failed economy and the endless searching for someone to blame. Some of the more interesting observations have been made by Suze Orman (the loud lady with white teeth). She says (and I am paraphrasing) that all of us who have been greedy and have been driven by a panic to have more than we could afford have fed the financial crisis in which we now find ourselves. I heard Anderson Cooper of CNN say that it is the American Dream that has gotten us to this crisis.

In such an environment, I could not think of a more timely book to read than Richard Foster's Freedom of Simplicity . Although it the book was originally written in 1981, it is more applicable to us than any of the financial help books that are currently on the market. Foster's basis for "finding harmony in a complex world" go far beyond finances to the very heart of what life in Christ was meant to be. As I read the following quotes from Freedom of Simplicity, I am struck by the need for "real" Christianity to offer an alternative to madness in our confused world:

“Contemporary culture is plagued by the passion to posses. The unreasoned boast abounds that the good life is found in accumulation that “more is better.”

“Indeed, we often accept this notion without question, with the result that the list for affluence in contemporary society has become psychotic: it has completely lost touch with reality.”

“Christian simplicity frees us from this modern mania. It allows us to see material things for what they are – goods to enhance life, not to oppress life.”

“Simplicity is a grace, but is also a discipline.”

I find myself in strong agreement with all of this, but at the same time, I find myself caught up in the same whirlpool of greed and the false assumption that possessions will in some way make life more complete. Foster's words are needed medicine for all of us who claim Christianity, but how do we go beyond saying "yes that is good", to a transformation of life?

Perhaps confession is the best option, and perhaps a reminder that both holiness as well as missional should make our lives focused on something other than piling up stuff and adding franticness to my life. I welcome your comments, suggestions, disagreements, etc.

Christian Mission in a Post-American World

By David Wesley

I enjoy receiving and collecting newsletters sent out by missionaries. These letters as well as missionary blog sites lead me to pray for those who are serving Christ in exciting ways. I recently received a bulk email which was sent to a large number of people from a missionary who told an incredible story of missionaries being sent from Latin America. The letter told of a young woman preparing to go from Latin America to Europe. That in itself is an amazing, and historical story. The missionary’s letter told how the young woman had been preparing to leave her home country by training for her new cross cultural experience and also by raising support for two years in Europe. Raising this much money in her home country is enormous, and even though churches had been generous in their offerings, she was still lacking funds. The missionary’s letter went on to tell how a 15 year old boy in her Central American country heard about this, and made the decision to give a computer which he had at home to support this young woman. The boy’s parents were proud that their son had given in this way, even though this computer represented a great sacrifice that his father had made to save money from his small salary.
The missionary told how he went to this family’s humble home to pick up the computer. He also mentioned that he would be looking for someone to purchase the computer so that the money could be passed on to the work of the young woman going as a missionary to Europe. As I read this story, I thought, this is a great story of how missionaries had worked alongside people with whom they were serving in order to carry out the mission of God. The missionary assumed that the people in the country where he was serving could be missionaries just as he was a missionary; he also assumed that people could participate in sending missionaries. What an incredible story of God’s work which does not have political or economic boundaries.
For those of us, for whom a computer does not represent the equivalent of income for one year, we struggle with stories like these. We ask ourselves, “What is my offering in comparison to one like this?” or we come to the conclusion that this family’s willingness to give is great, but that we should step in and find a way to give the computer back.
In the global society in which we live, we find many complex situations like this. For those of us who live in North America, we cannot ignore the fact that even those who live at a basic level are still at the top 5% of the world’s most wealthy. What do we do with that?

Historically, the church in parts of the world with greater amounts of financial capital has struggled with developing good practices for using money in mission work to impoverished parts of society. There was a time in history when Europeans and North Americans understood mission activity to include not only spreading the Gospel, but also spreading the culture and the wealth of their nations to parts of the world that were perceived as being impoverished in the areas of Christianity, economics and advanced areas of culture. Several authors[i] in the past ten years have noted the incredible growth[ii] of Christianity in areas which historically have been recipients of missionaries from North America and Europe. At the same time, authors such as Lesslie Newbigin have noted the waning spiritual vitality, primarily in Europe. Without doubt, the center for “spiritual capital” is not one specific nation which has the responsibility to tell its story to the other nations. In the words of Peruvian missiologist, Samuel Escobar, mission’s is not an endeavor of “the west to the rest[iii].” God’s mission moves from any place where there are people whose lives have been transformed by the Gospel. It is only natural, therefore, that brothers and sisters in parts of the world who begun a journey of faith with Christ would desire to participate in God’s Mission to the nations. It is also only natural that thousands of people in local churches have a desire to participate in hands on missions through short term mission activities. Missions are not limited to “professionals”, it is not limited to those who live in wealthy countries, and it is not limited by our resources. If we truly believe that it is God’s mission that we are involved in (and I do) instead of missions being just another activity of the church which can be controlled in a mechanical manner, or just by those with resources to purchase international airplane tickets. We would also believe that God will work through brothers and sisters who are of many different cultural backgrounds and who participate in missions in ways that we never imagined. The task of missions “is being carried out by the missionaries of poorer churches who demonstrate in their own lives the truth that Jesus is the way, the truth, and the life for the poor, the destitute and the hopeless –and not just for the rich…these missionaries are on the cutting edge of the expansion of the Kingdom today.”[iv]
In the face of these realities, some have asked, “why then do we send missionaries from North America?” or “what is a healthy way to use resources in a world with enormous disparity between those who have resources and those who do not have resources?”
In Fareed Zakaria’s recent book titled “The Post-American World”[v]. The very first phrase of the book is, “This is not a book about the decline of America, but rather about the rise of everyone else.” Although this is primarily a book about global economies, the very same words could be said in relation to Christianity and particularly the Church of the Nazarene. The church is not so much declining[vi] in America, but it is growing at an unprecedented rate everywhere else. What does it mean for North American Nazarene’s to participate in God’s Mission to the nations in a “Post-American” World in which Westerner’s are still a vital part of the mission, but equally a part are brothers and sisters from every part of the globe?

Although we don’t always get it right, I do believe that within the DNA of those called Nazarene’s is a deep desire to give sacrificially and to be actively involved in God’s Mission to their fellow Christians, to their community and to “the nations”. Before his untimely ‘home going’ a couple of years ago, I often had the honor of interpreting for Dr. Bruno Radi in mission services and rally’s in the U.S. With tears of gratitude, he would often make it a point to thank those in the U.S. for giving sacrificially to send missionaries through which his life and his family’s life were changed for eternity. This very same spirit of giving can be seen in the new generation of Nazarene’s in Central America, and in many other parts of the globe today where the Gospel is spreading, not because of money or technique, but rather because people are absolutely desperate for God.

The following are a few steps toward “good practices” in mission giving for consciences Christians who want to participate in God’s Mission:

1) Work with missionaries and others who understand the mission context as well as the donor’s context.
- Long term missionaries who live with the people you wish to serve, learning the language and culture are vital. From outside, one may think they understand the needs, and the best ways to use funds toward those needs, but many times my perception of the need or the solution is not correct. Long term, career missionaries who can serve as links between two cultures, matching real needs with the available funds are the first step in wise mission giving.
2) Connect giving with ‘Kingdom objectives’.
- Since buildings and projects are easy to measure and count, we often say that our goal is to “build a church”, or “show a film”. These are both excellent activities, but they are not our goal. If our ‘mission work’ does not somehow connect to the ultimate goals of the Kingdom of God, we can easily get lost in activity with no direction. Our giving should connect to long term objectives which flow out God’s Mission. This not always easy to measure or count.
3) Build integrity by working with reputable institutions rather than individuals.
- Working with a reputable institution builds integrity from the beginning. Partnership in our world is a given. In the past, dependency was seen as negative. We, however, live in an interdependent world. It is non-sense to say, “Don’t put money in a specific world area so they don’t become dependent”- you should put money into key projects that accomplish key objectives. A partnership makes both sides responsible, resulting in healthy use of available resources which reduces the risk of unhealthy dependency from person to person giving.
4) Treat people who receive as adults who are equally accountable.
- Although there may be culturally distinct values related to money, how it is to be used and accounted for, both the donor as well as the recipient or administrator of any funds must be mutually accountable and mutually respected. This implies open book accountability on all sides. Those who give should never think that their giving places them in a place of authority over those who receive.
5) Appreciate ‘spiritual capital’ as well as ‘financial capital.’
- Donors must realize that although they may have “financial capital”, the people to whom they go may have incredible “spiritual capital” and other resources which cannot be measured in Dollars and cents. Instead of assuming that you are just going to complete a project, teach other people, or build a building. Take advantage of the opportunity to learn from those in other cultures who have learned to be Christian in a context that most of us struggle to live in as visitors for two weeks. It is nothing more than arrogance to assume that we cannot learn from those on the cutting edge of the Church.
6) Value giving that is two directional.
- Don’t assume that giving is one directional. The offering of the boy from Central America has value in the Kingdom of God, just as much as the wealthy person who can give large sums of money. It is exciting to see Nazarene missionaries who raise their support from churches who never thought of themselves as capable of sending missionaries. If we are to be a truly missional church which is driven by God’s Mission, this will increasingly be seen as a normal activity of the church.
7) See individual projects within the greater overall mission of the church.
- Many projects are short lived or have limited impact. The reason for this is not because they are bad projects, but rather because they are not within the vision of the area where they are implemented. The result is that there is limited follow through, or support to continue the project is not available.

There is an Umbuto, Zulu proverb which says, “A person is a person through other persons”. A similar African proverb is: “Without you there is no me.” Within the global Church, there are incredible spiritual, financial, and other resources available to edify one another and to participate in what God is doing to bring justice and reconciliation to the world. Christianity was meant to be lived as a community endeavor. Independence or Dependence are not options that we have, interdependence, however, is a real option with real possibilities for participating in God’s Global Mission.



[i] See Andrew Walls and Philip Jenkins in particular.
[ii] This is primarily spiritual vitality and passion which has resulted in numeric growth.
[iii] See Samuel Escobar’s, The New Global Mission: The Gospel from everywhere to everyone.
[iv] See Jonathan Bonk, Missions and Money
[v] Zakaria, Fareed. The Post American World
[vi] I use the word “decline” not simply in relation to statistics and church growth, but rather in a holistic manner that refers to the Church as a whole.

Money and Missions

I enjoy receiving and collecting newsletters sent out by missionaries. These letters as well as blog sites lead me to pray for those who are serving Christ in exciting ways. I recently received a bulk email which was sent to a large number of people from a missionary who told an incredible story of missionaries being sent from Latin America. The letter told of a young woman preparing to go from Latin America to Europe. That in itself is an amazing, and historical story in itself. The missionary’s letter told how the young woman had been preparing to leave her home country by training for her new cross cultural experience and also by raising support for two years in Europe. Raising this much money in her home country is enormous, and even though churches had been generous in their offerings, she was still lacking funds. The missionary’s letter went on to tell how a 15 year old boy heard about this, and made the decision to give a computer which he had at home to support this young woman. The boy’s parents were proud that their son had given in this way, even though this computer represented a great sacrifice that his father had made to save money from his small salary to buy it. The missionary told how he went to the house which was a very humble home to pick up this computer. He also mentioned that he would be looking for someone to purchase the computer so that the money could be passed on to the work of the young woman going as a missionary to Europe. As I read this story, I thought, this is a great story of how missionaries had worked alongside people to carry out the mission of God. The missionary assumed that the people in the country where he was serving could be missionaries just as he was a missionary; he also assumed that people could participate in sending missionaries. What an incredible story of God’s work which does not have political or economic boundaries.
As many bulk emails, people began to respond to this incredible story. Some responses were that North Americans should raise money to buy the computer and thus provide funds to support the young missionary woman. Other responses were that North Americans should give money so that the computer could be paid for and then given back to the boy who gave it.

What are the issues involved?
I open this blog for your thoughts:

DAD

This past week, my father, who has struggled with a form of cancer known as Multiple Myeloma for the past three years made the decision to discontinue treatments and to go home with hospice care. I made a quick trip to Oklahoma to be with my dad and mom for the weekend and to spend some time talking to my dad while he is still lucid. At moments such as this it is interesting how conversations become more focused on what is important. I know that we took every opportunity possible to let each other know how much we cared for them.

An Umbuto, Zulu proverb says, “A person is a person through other persons”. When the moments of life are measured we realize how much our lives are formed by the relationships we have with others. In the case of my father, I took time to tell him how much his life has influenced my life and how much I thank the Lord for an amazing father, through whom I can easily understand get a glimpse of what a heavenly Father must be like.

I trust that you will take time this Christmas season to focus on important things in life. And by the way, if I haven’t said it before, I thank the Lord for your life and for the opportunity to journey together with you during this time that we have the tremendous gift of life.

The following is a reading from George Carlin that he wrote just after the death of his wife:

The paradox of our time in history is that we have taller buildings but shorter tempers, wider Freeways, but narrower viewpoints.

We spend more, but have less, we buy more, but enjoy less. We have bigger houses and smaller families, more conveniences, but less time.

We have more degrees but less sense, more knowledge, but less judgment, more experts, yet more problems, more medicine, but less wellness.

We drink too much, smoke too much, spend too recklessly, laugh too little, drive too fast, get too angry, stay up too late, get up too tired, read too little, watch TV too much, and pray too seldom.

We have multiplied our possessions, but reduced our values. We talk too much, love too seldom, and hate too often.

We've learned how to make a living, but not a life. We've added years to life not life to years.

We've been all the way to the moon and back, but have trouble crossing the street to meet a new neighbor. We conquered outer space but not inner space.
We've done larger things, but not better things.

We've cleaned up the air, but polluted the soul. We've conquered the atom, but not our prejudice. We write more, but learn less. We plan more, but accomplish less. We've learned to rush, but not to wait.

We build more computers to hold more information, to produce more copies than ever, but we communicate less and less.

These are the times of fast foods and slow digestion, big men and small character, steep profits and shallow relationships.

These are the days of two incomes but more divorce, fancier houses, but broken homes.

These are days of quick trips, disposable diapers, throwaway morality, one night stands, overweight bodies, and pills that do everything from cheer, to quiet, to kill.

It is a time when there is much in the showroom window and nothing in the stockroom. A time when technology can bring this letter to you, and a time when you can choose either to share this insight, or to just hit delete...

Remember; spend some time with your loved ones, because they are not going to be around forever.

Remember, say a kind word to someone who looks up to you in awe, because that little person soon will grow up and leave your side. Remember, to give a warm hug to the one next to you, because that is the only treasure you can give with your heart and it doesn't cost a cent.

Remember, to say, "I love you" to your partner and your loved ones, but most of all mean it. A kiss and an embrace will mend hurt when it comes from deep inside of you.

Remember to hold hands and cherish the moment for someday that person will not be there again.

Give time to love, give time to speak! And give time to share the precious thoughts in your mind.

AND ALWAYS REMEMBER:
Life is not measured by the number of breaths we take, but by the moments that take our breath away.